HK's note ✨ Prometheus + Grafana 展示服务器运行状态

status

Published

type

Post

slug

docker-prometheus-grafana-monitor

date

Sep 28, 2023

Docker compose 启动

为了方便，直接用 Docker 来安装，Docker 安装步骤省略。

docker-compose.yml


version: '3.9'
services:
  prometheus:
    image: prom/prometheus
    container_name: prometheus
    restart: always
    ports:
      - 9090:9090
    environment:
      TZ: Asia/Shanghai
    volumes:
      - ./prometheus.yml:/etc/prometheus/prometheus.yml
      - prometheus-data:/prometheus
    command:
      - '--config.file=/etc/prometheus/prometheus.yml'

  grafana:
    image: grafana/grafana
    container_name: grafana
    restart: always
    ports:
      - 3000:3000
    environment:
      TZ: Asia/Shanghai
    volumes:
      - grafana-data:/var/lib/grafana


volumes:
  prometheus-data:
  grafana-data:

其中 prometheus.yml


global:
    scrape_interval: 15s

scrape_configs:
    - job_name: 'prometheus'
      static_configs:
          - targets:
                - 'localhost:9090'
            labels:
                instance: prometheus 

    - job_name: 'node-exporter'
      static_configs:
          - targets:
                - '<主机IP>:9100' # 此处根据实际情况替换
            labels:
                instance: vps

通过 docker-compose 创建启动

Node-exporter

GitHub - prometheus/node_exporter: Exporter for machine metrics

Exporter for machine metrics. Contribute to prometheus/node_exporter development by creating an account on GitHub.

https://github.com/prometheus/node_exporter

既然要监控服务器运行状态，那么我们就需要使用 Node-exporter 来采集主机的运行指标如CPU, 内存，磁盘等信息。因为是直接读取访问主机系统，就不再使用容器形式了，直接使用上面仓库中的二进制文件进行安装。


curl -OL https://github.com/prometheus/node_exporter/releases/download/v1.6.1/node_exporter-1.6.1.linux-amd64.tar.gz
tar -zxf node_exporter-1.6.1.linux-amd64.tar.gz
cd node_exporter-1.6.1.linux-amd64/
cp node_exporter /usr/loccal/bin

我们可以手动执行 node_exporter来测试一下,启动成功会出现如下日志：


caller=tls_config.go:277 level=info msg="TLS is disabled." http2=false address=[::]:9100

为了使 node_exporter 稳定运行，我们为其创建系统服务


cat > /etc/systemd/system/node_exporter.service <<EOF
[Unit]
Description=Node Exporter

[Service]
User=root
ExecStart=/usr/local/bin/node_exporter

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
EOF

sudo systemctl daemon-reload
# 启动并设置开机自启
sudo systemctl enable --now node_exporter.service

以上安装node_exporter的操作整理为 Shell 脚本如下：


#!/bin/bash

[ -d /app ] || mkdir -p /app
cd /app
[ -f /app/node_exporter ] || wget https://github.com/prometheus/node_exporter/releases/download/v1.6.1/node_exporter-1.6.1.linux-amd64.tar.gz
tar xf node_exporter-1.6.1.linux-amd64.tar.gz
cp node_exporter-1.6.1.linux-amd64/node_exporter /usr/local/bin/ && rm -rf /app/node_exporter-1.6.1.linux-amd64

cat >/etc/systemd/system/node_exporter.service <<EOF
[Unit]
Description=node_exporter
Documentation=https://prometheus.io/
After=network.target
[Service]
Type=simple
ExecStart=/usr/local/bin/node_exporter
Restart=on-failure
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
EOF

systemctl daemon-reload
systemctl enable --now node_exporter